Genetická diverzita a fylogeneze Pisum fulvum Sibth. & Sm.

Pisum fulvum Sibth. & Sm. is one of the three species in genus Pisum L., which also includes species Pisum sativum L. and Pisum abyssinicum A.Br. P. fulvum together with subspecies P. sativum subsp. elatius M.Bieb. and P. sativum subsp. humile Boiss. et Noe. belong to the group of wild pea. P. fulvum belongs to secondary gene pool of cultural pea P. sativum L. subsp. sativum. Due to the potential use of P. fulvum as a donor of gene of interest in processes of cultural pea genetic diversity enrichment, it may be considered as an important plant species whose biological characteristics should be assembled within the possibilities. Divergence separating P. fulvum from the rest of the evolutionary lineage of the genus Pisum occured in the period before 1.7 million years +/- 0.4 million years. Currently, its habitats is limited to the eastern part of the territory of Levant where P. fulvum is more abundant plant in its range than other groups of the genus Pisum that occurs sympatric with P. fulvum. The genetic diversity of P. fulvum is characterized in the current thesis by three approaches of molecular biology using DNA sequencing of ITS nuclear region and trnSG chloroplast region, DArT-SeqTM and GenoPea 13.2km SNP. Sequencing ITS region of 149 accessions led to the identification of four ribotypes that were analyzed in biogeographical context. Based on the comparing the analysis of data from genome-wide genotyping DArT-SeqTM and origin of analyzed accessions three groups (south, central and north) which can be considered as intraspecific evolutionary line were identified. In case of analysis of data from GenoPea 13.2K SNP P. fulvum genotype was compared with genotypes of other groups of pea and P. fulvum asociated SNPs were identified. Recent gene flow between some accessions of P. fulvum and accessions of other groups of wild pea was confirmed by analysis of codominant SNP data and by analysis of trnSG sequences