Endocrine role of adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Adipose tissue as an active endocrine organ is explored in a number of processes associated with metabolic disorders. This work is aimed on studying the effect of endoscopically implantable weight-reducing device - duodeno-jejunal bypass liner - on subclinical inflammation of adipose tissue in obese patients, which contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Specifically, for patients implanted with duodeno- jejunal bypass liner we determined anthropometric, biochemical and hormonal characteristics, and mRNA expression of subcutaneous adipose tissue proinflammatory (TNF-α, leptin, CCL- 2, CX3CL1, CD40, CD80, CD86, CD206, CD163 and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory genes (Adiponektin, IL-10) before, one month and ten months after the intervention. The implantation of duodeno-jejunal bypass liner significantly decreased body weight, waist circumference, and improved metabolic and glycemic control. In addition, C-reactive protein a highly sensitive indicator of inflammatory processes in the body was reduced ten months after implantation. In the case of mRNA expression of CD86 (a marker of activated B lymphocytes and macrophages) there was temporarily increase in adipose tissue one month after the surgery and the subsequent significant decrease after ten months. mRNA expression of other..