Struktura a vlastnosti modifikovaných složek nukleových kyselin

Modified nucleic acid components (nucleotides, nucleosides, nucleobases) display a wide range of biological activities such as antiviral, cytostatic, antimicrobial or antioxidative. Many of them are successfully used in clinical practice, for instance as anti-HIV drugs or in hepatitis B treatment. The first precondition for understanding biological effects is to evaluate the chemical structure as well as the conformation of the studied compounds correctly. For this purpose, solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in combination with mass spectrometry is the most frequently used method. Not only the structure, but also physico- chemical properties can be investigated using NMR spectroscopy, for instance, conformational changes, tautomeric forms, protonation sites, acido-basic properties, non-covalent interactions, isotopic exchanges or interactions with biomolecules. Similarly to solutions, NMR spectroscopy can be employed in studies of nucleic acid components (NACs) in solid state. This technique found assertion after computational-chemistry methods development during the last decades. Different solid-state structures (polymorphic forms) or dynamics of these compounds can be established by solid-state NMR spectroscopy in combination with quantum-chemical calculations. In this..