The submitted thesis is addressed to the institute of Agreement on Guilt and Punishment which has been adopted to the Czech criminal proceedings by the amendment to the Criminal Procedure Code, the Act no. 193/2012 Coll., as effective of 1 September 2012. The inspiration of implementing the new procedural institute was drawn from the Anglo-Saxon institute of "Guilty Plea" which was modified and adapted to the Czech legal environment. The Czech legislator has significantly diverged from fundamental theoretical grounds commonly recognized in other countries abroad while setting up such application conditions which has legitimately risen debates questioning the position of the Agreement on Guilt and Punishment in the Czech legal system itself....