This thesis mainly deals with the analysis of the substantive aspects of criminal liability and sanctioning of legal entities within the meaning of the Act No. 418/2011 Coll., on criminal liability of legal persons and proceedings against them (hereinafter "ZTOPO"), entered into force on January 1, 2012 in the Czech Republic. The law governing the criminal liability of legal persons is effective for almost five years, yet this topic is still very controversial and debated. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive brief overview the issue of criminal liability and sanctioning of legal persons in the Czech Republic. The third chapter, which deals with the substantive provisions of ZTOPO regarding the criminal liability of legal per...