Sledování norfloxacinu, ciprofloxacinu a enrofloxacinu pomocí HPLC-FD ve vzorcích odpadních vod a jejich vliv na životní prostředí

8 Abstract Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are used for therapy and prophylaxis of human and animal diseases and they are also used as growth promoters of animals. The usage of antibiotic is in connection with development of antibiotic resistance among bacterial populations. Since swine production industry is considered to be a relevant source of antibiotic resistant bacteria, measures to control the use of antimicrobial agents in animal husbandry have been adopted in recent years (1). The presence of FQs in wastewater from swine farms can introduce antibiotics in surface waters through agricultural runoff. FQs are rather resistant to microbial degradation and these compounds may be persisting within environmental waters because of their sorption properties, favouring the accumulation in sewage sludge, manure and soil (2). To trace the sources and ways of contamination, and evaluate the environmental impact of an outdoor swine production system, the occurrence norfloxacin (NOR), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and enrofloxacin (ENRO) residues were evaluated in wastewater and surface water samples. A LC-FD method based on the application of monolithic column (Chromolith Performance RP-18e (100 x 4.6 mm) successfully developed in previous studies (3,4,5) was applied. FQs were isocratically eluted using a mobile phase consisting..