Anger rumination in Hong Kong and Great Britain: Validation of the scale and a cross-cultural comparison

English and Chinese versions of the Anger Rumination Scale (ARS; Sukhodolsky, Golub, & Cromwell, 2001) were distributed to 495 British and 453 Hong Kong Chinese participants. Confirmatory factor analysis verified factorial equivalence between the English and Chinese versions replicating the previously reported four factor structure of Angry Memories, Thoughts of Revenge, Angry Afterthoughts and Understanding of Causes. Internal reliability of the Chinese ARS ranged from .68 to .85. Chinese participants scored higher than British on all subscales, suggesting higher levels of anger rumination. The pattern of scores on the four scales was similar with highest endorsement of Understanding of Causes items and lowest for Thoughts of Revenge. It was concluded that the Chinese version of the Anger Rumination Scale may be useful for cross-cultural research