Efek Pajanan Timbal Terhadap Infertilitas Pria

Industrial and technological advances have brought a great benefit in human life, but these also bring negative effects to human and environment. Several toxic agents often influence human health, one of them is lead which give toxic effect on male reproductive  system. Lead can cause male infertility through two main mechanisms. First, lead reduces the mannose receptors so that the sperms are unable to conduct the acrosome recation, or cause premature acrosome reaction. Secondly, lead competes with zinc in binding protamine, as the result, it will interfere the chromatin stability of the sperms which are closely related to  male fertility.  &nbsp