Identification of optimal structural connectivity using functional connectivity and neural modeling

The complex network dynamics that arise from the interaction of the brain’s structural and functional architectures give rise to mental/nfunction. Theoretical models demonstrate that the structure–function relation is maximal when the global network dynamics operate at/na critical point of state transition. In the present work, we used a dynamic mean-field neural model to fit empirical structural connectivity/n(SC) and functional connectivity (FC) data acquired in humans and macaques and developed a new iterative-fitting algorithm to optimize/nthe SC matrix based on the FC matrix. A dramatic improvement of the fitting of the matrices was obtained with the addition of a small/nnumber of anatomical links, particularly cross-hemispheric connections, and reweighting of existing connections. We suggest that the/nnotion of a critical working point, where the structure–function interplay is maximal, may provide a new way to link behavior and/ncognition, and a new perspective to understand recovery of function in clinical conditions.G.D. was supported by the European Research Council Advanced Grant DYSTRUCTURE (n.295129), by the Spanish/nResearch Project SAF2010-16085, and by the CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 Programme CSD2007-00012. V.K.J. and/nG.D. are supported by FP7-ICT BrainScales. The research reported herein was supported by Collaborative Research/nGrant 220020255 from the James S. McDonnell Foundation. P.H. is supported by the Leenaards Foundatio