Large Deviations for Gibbs Measures with Singular Hamiltonians and Emergence of Kahler-Einstein Metrics

In the present paper and the companion paper (Berman, Kahler-Einstein metrics, canonical random point processes and birational geometry. arXiv:1307.3634, 2015) a probabilistic (statistical-mechanical) approach to the construction of canonical metrics on complex algebraic varieties X is introduced by sampling "temperature deformed" determinantal point processes. The main new ingredient is a large deviation principle for Gibbs measures with singular Hamiltonians, which is proved in the present paper. As an application we show that the unique Kahler-Einstein metric with negative Ricci curvature on a canonically polarized algebraic manifold X emerges in the many particle limit of the canonical point processes on X. In the companion paper (Berman in 2015) the extension to algebraic varieties X with positive Kodaira dimension is given and a conjectural picture relating negative temperature states to the existence problem for Kahler-Einstein metrics with positive Ricci curvature is developed