Genome-wide association study of lifetime cannabis use based on a large meta-analytic sample of 32330 subjects from the International Cannabis Consortium
- Stringer, S.
- Minica, C. C.
- Verweij, K. J. H.
- Mbarek, H.
- Bernard, M.
- Derringer, J.
- van Eijk, K. R.
- Isen, J. D.
- Loukola, A.
- Maciejewski, D. F.
- Mihailov, E.
- van der Most, P. J.
- Sanchez-Mora, C.
- Roos, L.
- Sherva, R.
- Walters, R.
- Ware, J. J.
- Abdellaoui, A.
- Bigdeli, T. B.
- Branje, S. J. T.
- Brown, S. A.
- Bruinenberg, M.
- Casas, M.
- Esko, T.
- Garcia-Martinez, I.
- Gordon, S. D.
- Harris, J. M.
- Hartman, C. A.
- Henders, A. K.
- Heath, A. C.
- Hickie, I. B.
- Hickman, M.
- Hopfer, C. J.
- Hottenga, J. J.
- Huizink, A. C.
- Irons, D. E.
- Kahn, R. S.
- Korhonen, T.
- Kranzler, H. R.
- Krauter, K.
- van Lier, P. A. C.
- Lubke, G. H.
- Madden, P. A. F.
- Magi, R.
- McGue, M. K.
- Medland, S. E.
- Meeus, W. H. J.
- Miller, M. B.
- Montgomery, G. W.
- Nivard, M. G.
- Nolte, I. M.
- Oldehinkel, A. J.
- Pausova, Z.
- Qaiser, B.
- Quaye, L.
- Ramos-Quiroga, J. A.
- Richarte, V.
- Rose, R. J.
- Shin, J.
- Stallings, M. C.
- Stiby, A. I.
- Wall, T. L.
- Wright, M. J.
- Koot, H. M.
- Paus, T.
- Hewitt, J. K.
- Ribases, M.
- Kaprio, J.
- Boks, M. P.
- Snieder, H.
- Spector, T.
- Munafo, M. R.
- Metspalu, A.
- Gelernter, J.
- Boomsma, D. I.
- Iacono, W. G.
- Martin, N. G.
- Gillespie, N. A.
- Derks, E. M.
- Vink, J. M.
DOIAbstract
Cannabis is the most widely produced and consumed illicit psychoactive substance worldwide. Occasional cannabis use can progress to frequent use, abuse and dependence with all known adverse physical, psychological and social consequences. Individual differences in cannabis initiation are heritable (40–48%). The International Cannabis Consortium was established with the aim to identify genetic risk variants of cannabis use. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association data of 13 cohorts (N=32 330) and four replication samples (N=5627). In addition, we performed a gene-based test of association, estimated single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability and explored the genetic correlation between lifetime cannabis use and c...
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