Engraftment of syngeneic bone marrow is not more efficient after intrafemoral transplantation than after traditional intravenous administration

Objective Hematopoietic stem cells are key elements for life long production of mature blood cells The success of clinical stem cell transplantation may be Improved when the number of stem cells that engraft after transplantation can be increased Here, we investigated in a syngeneic mouse model whether engraftment and reconstitution can be improved by transplantation directly Into the bone marrow Materials and Methods In this study, m e directly compared syngeneic transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells into the bone marrow with Intravenous administration and assessed reconstitution kinetics and engraftment by bioluminescent imaging and chimerism determination Results Surprisingly, only about 10% of cells injected directly Into the femur (intrafemoral, IF) could be retrieved within 5 minutes after injection Only in the first 48 hours after trans plantation, engraftment in IF transplanted animals was higher compared with intravenous injection However, at all later time points no differences could be detected using whole body bioluminescence or measuring blood cell reconstitution Most importantly, we found that IF transplanted cells did not outcompete cells transplanted Intravenously when cotransplanted in the same recipient Conclusions In conclusion, IF transplantation in a murine syngeneic setting revealed no enhanced engraftment Previous reports on IF transplantation may have relied on escape from immune rejection in xenogeneic or allogeneic models Therefore, we conclude that stem cells can find the proper microenvironment irrespective of the route of administration (C) 2010 ISEH Society for Hematology and Stem Cells Published by Elsevier In