Assessment of sanitation levels of sources of water in Osun State Capital, Nigeria

A study of the physicochemical and bacteriological analysis including BOD and COD was carried out for sources of\ud water in Oshogbo the Capital of the State of Osun. Seven water sampling areas were selected to cover the low,\ud medium and high population density areas of the State Capital. Water samples were collected from five sources of\ud water, namely, shallow well, borehole, stream, rain and river. Water samples were collected from the well, borehole\ud and stream water sources from Dada Estate and Isale Oshun for low density population, Ayetoro, Ogo-Oluwa and\ud Oke-Ayepe for medium density, and Oke-Bale and Igbona for high density population areas. Three sampling points\ud were undertaken for the rain water source while River Oshun source at Isale-Oshun was the 25th water sampling\ud point. A total of 25 water quality parameters were analyzed for each of the 25 water sources sampled using the\ud facility at the Rural Water And Environmental Sanitation Agency, RUWESA in Osun State Government Secretariat\ud in Abere. Results indicated that 8 of the water quality parameters, pH, Turbidity; Magnesium hardness, Free\ud Chlorine, Nitrite, Bacteriological, BOD and COD were not within Standards Organization of Nigeria (SON)\ud permitted water quality standards and are of concern to sanitation of potable water in the State Capital. The level of\ud each parameter differs from source to source as well as from level of population densities. The sources that were\ud adjudged polluted were Ogo-Oluwa and Oke-Ayepe well sources; Ogo-Oluwa, Oke-Bale and Igbona stream sources\ud Oke-Bale Rain source.R and the River source at Isale-Oshun. The polluted sources are all within the medium and\ud high population density areas of the State Capital