A toxicological investigation of the air quality in a moxibustion treatment room as measured through particulate concentration and oxidative capacity

Background: Moxibustion is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy in which mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) floss is burned to warm and stimulate acupoints. The modality has been used traditionally for thousands of years. However, smoke-related safety issues have recently been of concern, and little is known about moxa smoke and air quality in the clinical moxibustion environment