Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast: a report of two cases and review of the literature

Primary neuroendocrine carcinomas of the breast are extremely rare. Neuroendocrine tumors mainly occur in the broncopolmonary system and gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNC) of the breast can only be made if a non mammary site is excluded or if an in situ component can be found. We are going to describe two cases and to discuss their clinical, radiological and pathological manifestations. Introduction: Neuroendocrine tumors are rare and slow-growing neoplasias derived from neuroendocrine cells. We describe two cases of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast and discuss their clinical, radiological and pathological manifestations. Case report: Our patients are two Italian females (38 and 36 year-old) with no family history of breast disease. In both cases the diagnosis was confirmed after surgery, when immunohistochemistry revealed a neuroendocrine differentiation of the tumor. The patients are alive and disease free after more than ten years of follow-up. Conclusion: Primary neuroendocrine carcinomas of the breast are extremely rare. The diagnosis of SCNC of the breast can only be made if a non mammary site is excluded or if an in situ component can be found. After surgery, a strict follow-up including octreotide scan should be performed and this doesn’t differ from the one of the usual breast carcinoma