The correlation between facial and eyelid demodicosis. Complex therapeutic approaches

<p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>Aim. </strong>To assess the correlation between eyelid and facial demodicosis and to develop an optimal anti-parasitic treatment schedule for posterior blepharitis associated with eyelid demodicosis. </span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>Materials and methods. </strong>100 patients with posterior blepharitis associated with eyelid demodicosis were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on <em>Demodex </em>count. <em>Demodex </em>count less than 4 mites was considered normal while <em>Demodex </em>count more than 4 mites was considered pathological. 60 patients with <em>Demodex </em>count more than 4 mites were subdivided into 2 groups. Study group patients (n = 30) received anti-parasitic therapy with preceding anti-inflammatory treatment, eyelid hygiene and massage. Control group patients (n = 30) received antiparasitic therapy only. Patients with verified facial demodicosis received dermatological treatment as well. In all patients, integral indices of subjective discomfort and objective signs of posterior blepharitis were measured, Schirmer’s and Norn’s tests were performed, functional state of meibomian glands was evaluated (compressive test). </span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>Results. </strong>Eyelid demodicosis was associated with facial demodicosis in 48% of patients. In 10%, Demodex count was less than 4 mites. In 38%, <em>Demodex </em>count was more than 4 mites. Skin lesions were revealed in 1% of patients with Demodex count less than 4 mites and in 20% of patients with <em>Demodex </em>count more than 4 mites. Anti-parasitic therapy with preceding anti-inflammatory treatment, eyelid hygiene and massage improved functional state of meibomian glands and objective signs of posterior meibomian blepharitis. In 1.5 months after the treatment, <em>Demodex </em>was absent in 80% of study group patients and 56.6% of controls. </span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s1"><strong>Conclusion. </strong>Stepwise treatment of posterior blepharitis associated with eyelid demodicosis (anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic therapy, eyelid hygiene) is effective and provides prolonged remission. </span>