EFFLUENT TREATMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY BY USING SUBSURFACE FLOW WETLAND SYSTEM

<p><em>Constructed wetland is one of the alternatives to increase water quality before it flowed into waterways.</em><em> Sub Surface Flow</em><em> Wetland</em><em> System is one </em><em>type </em><em>of the constructed wetland for waste water treatment which </em><em>is </em><em>us</em><em>ing</em><em> symbiotic relation between water plants and microorganism around rooting system (</em><em>r</em><em>hi</em><em>z</em><em>osphere) in media</em><em>.</em><em> </em>Cyperus alternifolius <em>and </em>Canna indica, L<em>. as well as gravel and sand media are plants and medias that can be used in constructed wetland. </em><em>This research aimed to analyze </em><em>the effectiveness of plant species between </em>Cyperus alternifolius <em>and </em>Canna indica, L<em>. as well as </em><em>the effectiveness of gravel and sand media to decrease nitrite, ammoniak, BOD, and COD concentrations</em><em>. Four reactors SSF-Wetlands with dimension of 120 cm x 30 cm x 50 cm were used in this research. </em><em>The study was conducted over 12 days following the acclimatization of plants for 7 days. Data analysis were performed by comparing the degradation coefficient (k) of BOD, COD, nitrite, and ammonia concentrations with retention time of the effluent.</em><em> </em><em>The results showed that the degradation rate for the reactor with with gravel media and Cyperus </em>alternifolius<em> for nitrite variable was 0.60, ammonia 0.49, BOD 0.45, and COD 0.36. </em>Cyperus alternifolius<em> have a higher effectiveness in reducing the concentration of nitrite, ammonia , BOD and COD than </em>Canna indica , L<em>. Reactors with gravel media have higher effectiveness in reducing BOD , COD , ammonia and nitrite concentration than sand media.</em><em> </em></p> <p><em> </em></p> <em>Keywords : </em>Canna indica. L.<em> , </em>Cyperus alternifolius, <em>SSF - Wetland, , WWTP effluent of pharmaceutical industry