Respons inflamasi pada pulpa gigi tikus setelah aplikasi ekstrak etanol propolis (EEP) (The inflammatory response on rat dental pulp following ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) application)

<span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Propolis is a resinous hive product collected by bees from tree buds and mixed with secreted bee wax in order to avoid bacterial </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>contamination in the hive, and also to seal it. Propolis is employed for the treatment of various infectious diseases because it is wellknown that is has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. The therapeutic use of propolis in dentistry has been done in recent </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>years as in treatment gingivitis and dental caries, in treatment wound healing after surgical procedures, etc. The purpose of this </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>investigation was to study the inflammatory response on rat's dental pulp following application of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP). </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Twelve male Spraque-Dawley rats of 8–16 week old and 200–250 grams in weight were used in this study. The rats were randomly </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>divided into two groups. Pulp exposures were performed on the occlusal surface of right maxillary first molars. At the first group, as </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>the control group, zinc oxide-based filler was directly applied on pulp exposure. Meanwhile at the second group, as the sample </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>group, pulp exposure was applied with EEP. After that, all cavities were filled with glass ionomer cement as permanent filling. </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Animals were sacrificed on the 7</em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 7pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>th</em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>, 14</em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 7pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>th</em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>, and 28</em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 7pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>th </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>day. The criterion of histological examination was based on the inflammatory </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>responses of the dental pulp, which were the presence of polymorph nuclear leukocytes and macrophages. Kruskall-Wallis and </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Mann-Whitney tests were employed to analyze the data. The results of this research demonstrated that the inflammatory response of </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>EEP group was numerically milder compared to the control group, even though statistical analysis showed no significant difference </em><span style="font-family: TribuneItalic; font-size: 9pt; color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>(p &gt; 0.05) between the two groups.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>