Institutions in the Development of Innovation Systems

The paper attempts to explain the low effectiveness of introducing the concept of innovation system in the Russian economy using the institutional aid for the innovation process at all levels, including the micro-level. Author has presented the theoretical understanding of modern approaches to the concept of the innovation system. Their weaknesses both in theoretical and methodological aspects are discussed. It is proposed to expand the understanding of the innovation system through a rethinking of the role of individual entrepreneurships in the innovation process. It has been shown that it is necessary an institutional support of the innovation process at the macro level that is capable to "run" the process of institutionalization of innovative development at the micro level. The author has given an interpretation of definitions of the institute of innovation environment and the innovation sector, as well as innovative behavior of economic agents and staff of enterprises. Classification of institutions of the innovative environment is presented also in the paper