Frameworks for talking about energy – mutually exclusive?

How can we use Watts’ frameworks for talking about energy to design education on the subject of energy ? We showed 6 pictures also used by Watts and gave a writing assignment to 17 fifteen year olds prior to any physics education on energy. We refined the definitions of Watts’ frameworks in order to solve our problems with assigning student-statements to frameworks and found the frameworks not to be mutually exclusive. Results found include the frequency of the 7 frameworks in the studied group of students, and the overlap between these frameworks. We also found that certain frameworks are involved positively and / or negatively in reaching the desired goal of secondary school learning about energy. Finally we will present some ideas on how to use the results in the design of educational materials which we hope to develop in the near future