Longitudinal associations in adolescence between cortisol and persistent aggressive or rule-breaking behavior
- Platje, E.
- Jansen, L.M.C.
- Raine, A.
- Branje, S.J.T.
- Doreleijers, T.A.H.
- de Vries-Bouw, M.
- Popma, A.
- van Lier, P.A.C.
- Koot, H.M.
- Meeus, W.H.J.
- Vermeiren, R.R.J.M.
DOIAbstract
Although several studies have associated antisocial behavior with decreased cortisol awakening responses (CAR), studies in adolescent samples yielded inconsistent results. In adolescence however, the CAR develops and antisocial behavior is heterogeneous in type and persistence. Therefore this longitudinal study compared persistent aggressive and rule-breaking adolescents to low aggressive and rule-breaking adolescents on the development of the CAR from ages 15 to 17 (N=390). Persistently high aggressive adolescents showed decreased cortisol levels at awakening consistently over the years (Δ
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