A Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Association Studies of Cloninger’s Temperament Scales.
- Service, S.K.
- Verweij, K.J.H.
- Lahti, J.
- Congdon, E.
- Ekelund, J.
- Hintsanen, M.
- Räikkönen, K.
- Lehtimäki, T.
- Kähönen, M.
- Widen, E.
- Taanila, A.
- Veijola, J.
- Heath, A.C.
- Madden, P.A.F.
- Montgomery, G.W.
- Sabatti, C.
- Järvelin, M.R.
- Palotie, A.
- Raitakari, O.
- Viikari, J.
- Martin, N.G.
- Eriksson, J.G.
- Keltikangas-Järvinen, L.
- Wray, N.R.
- Freimer, N.B.
DOIAbstract
Temperament has a strongly heritable component, yet multiple independent genome-wide studies have failed to identify significant genetic associations. We have assembled the largest sample to date of persons with genome-wide genotype data, who have been assessed with Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory. Sum scores for novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence and persistence have been measured in over 11 000 persons collected in four different cohorts. Our study had >80% power to identify genome-wide significant loci (P<1.25 × 1
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