Self-efficacy analysis among HIV positive patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital: a cross-sectional study

Objective: To determine self-efficacy of HIV sero-status disclosure decisions and safer sex in HIV sero-positive persons in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, south west Ethiopia. Methods: A facility based cross sectional study design was conducted on 601 HIV positive person in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, ART clinic. Data were collected using standard pre-coded interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data were entered into SPSS version 16.0. Descriptive analysis was done to describe the characteristics of the study participants. Logistic regression was used to know the predictor of disclosure. Results: Of the 591 study participants, 564 (95.4%) were disclosed their HIV status. Married HIV patients were 22.4 times more likely practice safe sex than single HIV patients [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 95% CI: 22.4 (8.6, 58.6)]. HIV patients whose educational statuses were secondary school were 0.5 times less likely practice safe sex than HIV patients whose educational statuses were college/university [AOR, 95% CI: 0.5 (0.2,0.9)]. HIV patients whose monthly income was in between 901–1 300 ETH Birr was 0.2 times less likely practice safe sex than HIV patients whose monthly income was above 1 300 ETH Birr [AOR, 95% CI: 0.2 (0.1, 0.7)]. A unit increase in total score of self-efficacy on safe sex practice the odds of practicing safe sex was increased by 2.0 [AOR, 95% CI: 2.0 (1.1, 3.8)]. Conclusions: The HIV patients had high self-efficacy on disclosure, safe sex and treatment adherence. This good practice should be promoted and enhanced in different part of Ethiopia. The HIV patients had low awareness about their parents' HIV status. Future effort should be made on awareness level about their parents' HIV status