Effects of Fertilization on Surface Runoff Loss of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Mulberry in the Northern Zhejiang Plain, China

In 2012 and 2013, the situ experimental plots in mulberry under two different kinds of treatment(control fertilization and farmer's conventional fertilization) were conducted, and the runoff water in each plot were collected and tested in a period of two years to investigate the law of runoff, the regular pattern and the influential factors of nitrogen and phosphorus losses, and to study the coefficient of fertilizer losses from mulberry in northern Zhejiang plain. The results showed that the annual rainfall runoff coefficient was about 0.253 in mulberry field in northern Zhejiang plain. In those two years, TN and TP cumulative loss load in the conventional fertilization area reached 36.13 kg·hm-2 and 3.49 kg·hm-2, of which the N, P nutrient losses of fertilizer reached 6.415 kg·hm-2 and 1.090 kg·hm-2, respectively. N, P loss coefficients of fertilizer (the difference of nitrogen or phosphorus loss in the conventional fertilization area and the control area was divided by the total amount of fertilizer application) were 0.744% and 3.047%. Nitrogen loss were mainly in soluble form, in which the NO3-N and NH4-N, accounting for about 38.3% and 14.4% respectively; while the phosphorus loss were in particulate form, accounting for about 68.9%. The larger amount of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient loss, were within the first year of the fertilization period, and the P loss was more serious than N. Within a period of fertilization, the cumulative loss of nitrogen and phosphorus caused by rainfall and the occurrence times of runoff increased with power function(R2>0.95)