The effect of tap water emulsified fuel on exhaust emission of single cylinder compression ignition engine

An experimental investigation on exhaust emissions with emulsion fuel was conducted in a diesel engine that equipped with a “Real Time Non-Surfactant Emulsion Fuel Supply System, RTES” under four different loads operations (1, 2, 3 and 4 kW). RTES is a mixing device that able to produces non-surfactant emulsion fuel which is one of the alternative ways to improve the exhaust emissions of diesel engine, especially Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) and Particulate Matter (PM). As for the test fuel, neat diesel (D2) and tap water-in-diesel emulsion fuel (W/D) are tested as a comparison. Based on the experimental results, emulsion fuel decrease NOx radically compare to D2 in all load conditions with an average reduction of 18.99% respectively. As for the PM, emulsion fuel is lower compare to D2 at all load conditions and lowest at high load. However, tap water emulsion fuel shows high formation of Carbon Monoxide (CO) at all load conditions which due to lower combustion temperature. This significant increment is aligned with the reduction of NOx emissions