DETERMINANTES DE LA INNOVACIÓN Y LA PRODUCTIVIDAD EN LAS SUBSIDIARIAS EXTRANJERAS Y LAS EMPRESAS EXPORTADORAS EN LA INDUSTRIA EN COLOMBIA

This paper investigates the determinants of innovation and productivity in foreign subsidiaries and national exporters firms, using cross-sectional data at firm level for the industry in Colombia. The major findings suggest that: (i) the effort made by export companies and foreign subsidiaries in innovation activities favours the obtaining of innovations in both product and process. However, they differ in the level of investment returns and the type of innovation activities in which is based the knowledge production; (ii) only product innovation has a positive impact on productivity, especially when it is the result of the implementation of R&D activities and (iii) the main factors that affect innovation in exporting companies and foreign subsidiaries are financial barriers, levels of human resources, protection of innovations, cooperation with clients and suppliers and, specifically, in foreign subsidiaries their position in the multinational group