Prevalence of concealed and overt chronic renal failure in patients with COPD

Aim: To assess the prevalence of chronic renal failure (concealed and overt) in patients with COPD. Patients and methods: This study was conducted on 150 patients who were classified into three groups: Group I: 67 patients with COPD, Group II: 33 COPD patients with co morbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension and or ischemic heart disease). Group III: (control group): 50 patients with other diseases such as diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease and or hypertension. All patients were subjected to: (1) Full history taking. (2) Complete clinical examination. (3) Anthropometric measurements (weight, height and body mass index). (4) Arterial oxygen saturation. (5) Radiological examination (Plain chest X-ray posterior–anterior view and Pelvi-abdominal ultrasound). (6) ECG and Echocardiography. (7) Spirometry. (8) Laboratory investigations (complete blood picture, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Liver function tests, serum creatinine, blood urea and uric acid and GFR, total cholesterol, sodium, potassium and chloride concentration). Results: In group I, there were 8 patients who had CRF (11.94%), 5 patients had overt CRF (7.46%) and 3 patients had concealed CRF (4.48%). In group II, there were 11 patients with CRF (33.33%), 6 patients had overt CRF (18.18%) and 5 patients had concealed CRF (15.15%). In group III, there were 9 patients having CRF (18%), 6 patients had overt CRF (12%) and 3patients had concealed CRF (6%). In COPD (group I and II) the overall prevalence of CRF was 19%. Conclusion: CRF either concealed or overt may be associated with COPD patients and should be screened, not only by serum creatinine level but also by the estimated GFR to recognize the cases of concealed CRF who have low GFR despite normal serum creatinine level