PRE-IMPLANTATION AND PRE-GENETIC DIAGNOSIS - AN ADVANCED TOOL FOR THE FORTHCOMING GENERATION

Genetic disorders are a major cause of miscarriage and fetal death. Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is a very useful technique which can be used to diagnose genetic defects before pregnancy. It can be done by creating embryos using IVF technique and then removing single cells which are genetically analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PGD has also been employed when it comes to save a child by providing human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched stem cell. This technique is also been considered an important tool to have a baby with the gender choice of parents. Some couples often demand for PGD to select the embryos having same mutations so that they could be better adjusted in their community because of the particular characteristics of their previous kids while some would like to have some special traits of their unborn child. These features could possibly be done by applying PGD technique. Pre-natal genetic diagnosis aims to identify any fetal abnormality during pregnancy and then leaving the decision to the mother whether to bring the child in this world