Study of Aircraft Wing with Emphasis on Vibration Characteristics

It is essential that the structural stability of the aircraft wings is a major consideration in the design of the aircraft. Many studies are being carried out for the design of the wings across the globe by the researches to strengthen the aircraft wings for steady and sturdy structures for dynamic conditions. The design of the aircraft wing using NACA standards is been discussed in this work. The wing analysis is carried out by using computer numerical analysis tool, viz., CAD/CAE and CFD. The necessary inputs for carrying out the structural analysis with emphasis on the vibration are obtained by CFD analysis. The deformation of the wing structures are investigated with respect to the standard airflow velocity. The velocity of air at the inlet is taken as 122 m/s (438 km/h), considering service ceiling of 7625 m at moderate temperature. The modal analysis is considered to analyse the wing to determine the natural frequency for vibration characteristics of the wing structure. The study of the effect of the stresses and deformations of the wing structure on the vibration characteristics of the wing is carried out to understand the effect of stress on natural frequency of the aircraft wing structure. Hence it is possible to correlate the effect of wind pressure on the vibration of the wing structure for particular design of the wing (NACA). The CFD results revealed that the pressure on the upper surface of the wing for all the wing section planes (butt planes-BL) is less, about -4.97e3N/mm2, as compared to the pressure on the lower surface, about 1.08e4 N/mm2, which satisfy the theory of lift generation. The pre-stressed modal analysis shows the correlation of the stress, deformation and the corresponding mode of vibration. It is found that the maximum deformation of 17.164 mm is corresponding to the modal frequency of 179.65 Hz which can be considered as design frequency of the wing structure. However the fundamental natural frequency of the wing structure is 10.352 Hz for the deformation of 11.383 mm