This paper reviews proposals for extensions to VHDL to support high-level modeling and places them within a taxonomy that describes the modeling requirements they address. Many of the proposals focus on object-oriented extensions, whereas this paper argues that extension of VHDL to support high-level modeling requires a broader review. The paper presents a detailed discussion of issues to be considered in adding high-level modeling extensions to VHDL, including concurrency and communication, abstraction using entity interfaces, object-oriented data modeling, encapsulation, signal assignment semantics, shared variables, multiple inheritance, genericity and synthesis. Emphasis is placed on the importance of designing simple orthogonal semanti...