INFLUENCE OF PROPERTIES OF RIVER SOILS ON RIVER BED MOVEMENT

The authors discuss interaction between the river flow and the formation of the river bed as a single dynamic self-regulating system. Changes in the physical-mechanical properties of river bed sediments occurring under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, and the impact of these changes produced on the processes of sedimentation and erosion of river channels are considered in the article. Free and constrained precipitation of particles of different density, shape and size are analyzed. A universal formula of the hydraulic resistance coefficient, applicable to particles in the course of their sedimentation into the liquid, which takes account of both the front resistance and the surface friction, is proposed. The authors also propose a formula that takes account of the effect of concentration produced onto the rate of deposition. The experimental data reflecting the impact of fine sediment on the viscosity and initial shear strength of the water and soil mixture are considered. The results make it possible to improve the accuracy of calculations of channel processes for the purpose of design of hydraulic structures, regulation of waterways and monitoring of water bodies