A peaking factor based statistical approach to the incorporation of variations in demands in the reliability analysis of water distribution systems

In the literature few studies can be found in which the variation of demand has been considered for reliability analysis purposes. Consideration of the probabilistic nature of demand should lead to more realistic assessments of the performance of water distribution systems. In the past most of the design and reliability analysis methods for water distribution systems were based on a fixed value of demand. There is little information in the literature on this fixed demand value and how it can be calculated