Gosto de sedição: Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, Manuel Bandeira e a autoria das Cartas Chilenas

This article investigates some aspects of the relations between history and literary criticism in Sergio Buarque de Holanda's writings of the 1940s. It analyzes Sergio Buarque's participation in the debate on the authorship of the Cartas Chilenas, specifically through his discussions with the poet Manuel Bandeira. Despite the fact that they were professionally connected to official cultural institutions, it is possible to identify both authors' critical view regarding the cultural guidelines adopted by the Brazilian State in the construction of a national identity throughout the period known as Estado Novo (1937-1945)