Analysis of the changes of ocular vascular hemodynamics ultrasonic detection and the occurrence and development of related factors in type 2 diabetic retinopathy

AIM:To observe hemodynamic changes of supratrochlear artery(STCA)and posterior ball related artery in type 2 diabetic retinopathy(DR)by color Doppler ultrasound detection, analyze the occurrence and development of related factors, and provide the evidences to find the DR incidence trends at early stage, prevent the occurrence of DR and adopt effective interventions to prevent progression of DR. <p>METHODS: A total of 106 cases(106 eyes)with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into DR group(56 eyes of 56 cases ), non-diabetic retinopathy group(NDR group, 50 eyes of 50 cases), healthy volunteers were selected in our hospital outpatient medical examination in 40 cases(40 eyes)as control group(HC group). Color Doppler ultrasound was used to detect the hemodynamic changes of STCA, central retinal artery(CRA), posterior ciliary artery(PCA)of all research subjects. The changes of blood spectrum morphology and hemodynamics parameters including peak systolic diastolic blood flow velocity(PSV), end diastolic blood flow velocity(EDV)and vascular resistance index(RI)in diabetics were observed. Fasting blood glucose(FBG), serum total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C)in all research subjects were detected. The duration of diabetes, body mass index(BMI), past medical history(hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, <i>etc</i>.), family genetic history, smoking and drinking history were recorded. Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors.<p>RESULTS: The results showed that the changes of blood spectrum morphology in DR and NDR group were significant. In terms of hemodynamic parameters, STCA, CRA, PCA, PSV, EDV decreased sequentially and RI increased sequentially in the CH and NDR, DR group. Compared the eye artery hemodynamic parameters of DR and NDR group with HC group, the differences were statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). The differences on STCA, CRA PCA, PSV, EDV, RI between DR and NDR group had statistical significance(<i>P</i><0.05). In aspect of the occurrence and development of related factors, diabetes duration, hypertension history, the number of cases with hyperlipidemia history, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol of DR group were statistically different with NDR group(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: For patients with diabetes, hemodynamics ultrasonic detection can be used as the principal means of early prevention and detection of DR. Hemodynamic ocular vascular abnormalities can occur before the retina obvious lesions, and its change degree is positively correlated with retinal lesions. Blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipid level and duration of diabetes and other related factors are closely related to the occurrence and development of DR