Desarrollo de una red inalámbrica de sensores medioambientales utilizando 6LoWPAN

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a network of autonomously spatially distributed devices capable of establishing wireless communications and equipped with sensors to monitor environmental conditions in the environment. The nodes are characterized by low-resource devices, usually consisting of a microcontroller, a radio module, one or more sensors and batteries as a power source. Wireless sensor networks are based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, whose purpose is to define basic network levels to enable communications between devices with few resources. Wireless sensor networks have a great relationship with the Internet of Things, a concept that aims to interconnect the objects of our everyday life with the Internet. This concept has the great challenge that each person is surrounded by approximately 1,000-5,000 objects, so they should be coded 50 to 100,000 billion objects, that is where IPv6 addressing plays a key role, as it is the only technology possible to connect billions of devices. In this scenario, 6LoWPAN is born, a standard that makes possible the use of IPv6 addresses in networks based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard to be able to communicate the nodes of the network with other IP devices. These networks have a large number of applications where they can be applied as in monitoring areas, applications focused on the medical, environmental and industry sectors. The objective of this project is to develop a wireless sensor network to collect environmental information from the environment based on the 6LoWPAN standard using the Arduino platform. To do this, a first study of the main existing platforms is made to work with the standard 6LoWPAN and Arduino. Once we have the platform that we consider is best adjusted to our needs, we proceed to develop our sensor network taking into account critical points such as the sizing of the batteries to feed the nodes of our network and the requirements of our network such as the use of the 6LoWPAN standard . The scope of this project consists of the development of the sensor network and an administration panel to be able to view the data collected by the sensors. Finally, the results obtained from the development of the wireless sensor network and its administration panel will be shown