The increase in social and cultural capita in areas with a Roma population

Izsledki mnogih raziskav govorijo o nizki stopnji izobrazbe, brezposelnosti in okrnjenih stikih romskega prebivalstva z ostalim prebivalstvom. V diplomski nalogi je obravnavana problematika (ne)vključenosti romskih otrok v predšolsko vzgojo. Predšolska vzgoja je za otroke bistvenega pomena, saj nudi možnost izenačiti izobrazbene možnosti, sposobnosti, potenciale in dosežke romskih otrok, ki prihajajo iz socialno depriviligiranega okolja, z izobrazbenimi možnostmi, sposobnostmi, potenciali in dosežki otrok, ki prihajajo iz večinskega okolja. Z gradnjo temeljev in širjenjem znanja je možnost socialne izključenosti manjša, ustvarjajo pa se možnosti za socialno vključenost, širjenje mreže, poveča se socialni in kulturni kapital vseh vključenih. Pri snovanju smotrnega enakopravnega izobraževalnega procesa je potrebno upoštevati koncept socialnega in kulturnega kapitala, ki je ključnega pomena pri vzpostavljanju demokratičnega okolja, kjer se oblikujejo mreže, omrežja, temelječa na recipročnosti in participaciji tako pri večinskemu kot romskemu prebivalstvu. Vključevanje romskega prebivalstva v mreže pa je zelo zahtevno, kompleksno opravilo. In ravno izobraževanje lahko prispeva k povečanju socialne mreže. Široka socialna mreža, v kateri se skriva socialni in kulturni kapital posameznikom, v našem raziskovanju pripadnikom romske skupnosti, omogoča, da vstopijo v širšo družbo. Zato moramo dati poudarek konceptu dobrih projektov, ki nudijo širitev socialne mreže, spodbujajo vključevanje, hkrati pa moramo poznati, se seznaniti z osnovami socialnega in kulturnega kapitala. Skozi raziskavo dela z romskimi otroki v Vrtcu Otona Župančiča Črnomelj in vključenostjo v projekt DSKK bomo raziskali, utemeljili in analizirali, zakaj je vključenost romskih otrok v predšolsko vzgojo nizka, kakšni so razlogi za to in kakšne spremembe so potrebne, da se bo vključenost povečala. Dobro zasnovano, izvedeno in evalvirano delo, projekti, upoštevajoč vsakega posameznika, njegove želje, potrebe in kulturne ter zgodovinske prvine, lahko obrodi sadove in omogoči premike tako na področju izobraževanja, posledično pa zagotovi ohranjanje kulturne dediščine in romskega jezika.The results of many researches point to low levels of education and unemployment among the members of the Roma community and their limited contacts with the majority population. This dissertation deals with the subject of ex/inclusion of the Roma children in the preschool education system. Preschool education is of key importance for children, because it creates possibilities for equalling educational opportunities, abilities, potentials and achievements of the Roma children, who come from socially weak environment, in relation to non-Roma children. Basic education and expanding knowledge can help lessen social exclusion and thus present better opportunities for social inclusion and network expansion, but can also increase social and cultural capital of everyone involved. When creating an efficient, universal and just educational process, it is necessary to consider the concept of social and cultural capital, which plays an important role in establishing a democratic environment in which networks based on reciprocity and participation of both the Roma and the majority population develop. The task of including the Roma community into networks is an extremely challenging and complex one. And it is education that can contribute greatly to the expansion of the social networks. A wide social network, hiding the social and cultural capital within, enables the individuals, in this case the members of the Roma community, to integrate into the wider society. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the concept of good projects that expand social networks and promote integration, while at the same time it is necessary to know the principles of social and cultural capital. This dissertation explores, determines and analyses the reasons behind low inclusion of the Roma children in preschool education and discusses the necessary changes to increase their inclusion based on the experiences of working with the Roma children in the preschool Vrtec Otona Župančiča Črnomelj and the participation in the project The increase in social and cultural capita in areas with a Roma population. Well-thought-out projects with good execution and evaluation that take into account each individual and his/her wishes, needs, but also cultural and historical aspects can yield good results and enable positive shifts in the field of education, while at the same time preserve the cultural heritage and the Roma language