Mechanical behaviour of thermally insulated foundations

Zaradi vse večje težnje k zmanjšanju porabe energije in stroškov obratovanja stavbe se veliko pozornosti namenja izvedbi kvalitetnega in neprekinjenega stavbnega ovoja, ki zagotavlja ohranjanje toplote v stavbi. Zato je potrebna tudi izvedba toplotne izolacije dela stavbe v stiku s tlemi. V prvem delu diplomske naloge smo predstavili pravilnike, ki podajajo pogoje in rešitve za zmanjšanje porabe energije in preprečevanje toplotnih izgub. Talni del stavbe najenostavneje in najučinkoviteje zaščitimo z vgradnjo toplotne izolacije pod temeljno ploščo. Kot toplotnoizolacijski material lahko uporabimo ekstrudiran polistiren (XPS), ekspandiran polistiren (EPS) ali penjeno steklo (FG). Predstavljene so prednosti in slabosti posameznega materiala, v nadaljevanju pa še način vgradnje. V drugem delu smo preučili problem zdrsa, prevrnitve in posedanja zaradi vložka toplotne izolacije pod temeljno ploščo. Osredotočili smo se na zdrs konstrukcijskega sklopa, ki vsebuje toplotno izolacijo, položeno na podlago iz peska. Zdrs smo preverjali z direktno strižno preiskavo, ki smo jo izvedli na Fakulteti za gradbeništvo in geodezijo. Izračunali smo koeficiente lepenja in jih primerjali z vrednostmi koeficientov lepenja na podložnem betonu, ki so jih s predhodnimi raziskavami pridobili drugi avtorji, ter ocenili možnost zdrsa in varnost vgradnje toplotne izolacije na podlago iz peska.Because of increasing tendency to reduce energy consumption and operating expenses, a lot of attention is given to the installation of quality and continuous building envelope that provides heat preservation in a building. That is why, it is also necessary to install thermal insulation on the bottom of a building. In the first part of the thesis we presented regulations, that explain terms and solutions for reduction of energy consumption and prevention of heat loss. The easiest and the most effective way to protect the bottom of a building is to install thermal insulation under slab-on-grade foundations. We can use extruded polystyrene (XPS), expanded polystyrene (EPS) or foam glass (FG) as thermal insulation material. In the second part we examined problem of the slippage, overturning and subsidence caused by the insertion of thermal insulation under slab-on-grade. We focused on the slippage of structural component that consists of thermal insulation laid on the layer of sand. We controlled slippage by direct shear test, performed at the Faculty of civil and geodetic engineering. We calculated coefficients of static friction and compared them with the ones obtained by other authors who performed tests with concrete slab instead of sand. After that we evaluated the possibility of slippage and safety of installation of thermal insulation on the layer of sand