Health care of the patient with persecutory delusions through basic life activities

Uvod: S paranoidnimi mislimi se sreča 10 do 15 odstotkov ljudi splošne populacije, med katerimi so pogoste preganjalne blodnje. Razlikujejo se od nejasnih pojmovanj do polnih zablod, ki se lahko pojavijo tako pri ljudeh z duševno boleznijo kot tudi pri ljudeh brez nje. Pacient ima občutek da je neprestano preganjan, zasledovan, da mu drugi hočejo slabo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti zdravstveno nego pacienta s preganjalnimi blodnjami po temeljnih življenjskih aktivnostih. S tem želimo tudi opredeliti vlogo medicinske sestre pri obravnavi oseb s preganjalnimi blodnjami, ugotoviti negovalne probleme ter predstaviti značilnosti pri posamezni temeljni življenjski aktivnosti pri pacientu s preganjalnimi blodnjami. Metode dela: Pri pisanju diplomskega dela je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature iz obdobja od 2006 do 2016. Iskanje literature je potekalo preko oddaljenega dostopa Univerze v Ljubljani preko tujih podatkovnih baz: CINAHL with Full Text, Medline in ScienceDirect. Uporabili smo tudi bibliografsko bazo COBIB.SI, nakar smo, na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov, literaturo še dodatno pregledali v knjižnici Zdravstvene fakultete in v Goriški knjižnici Franceta Bevka. Razprava in sklep: V zdravstveni negi na področju psihiatrije mora biti medicinska sestra ustrezno usposobljena, imeti ustrezne spretnosti ter znanje za delo s pacienti z duševno motnjo. Pri svojem delu opravlja več nalog, kot so ocenjevalec, podpornik, vzgojitelj in druge, katere kažejo na to, da medicinska sestra zagotavlja zdravstveno nego v veliko širšem obsegu, kot je samo nadziranje jemanja zdravil in dajanje informacij. Odgovorna je tudi za odnos med njo in pacientom, saj mora le ta temeljiti na zaupanju, ker se bo le tako proces zdravstvene nege odvijal v želeno smer. Pacienta spodbuja k aktivnostim, ki ga veselijo in sprostijo, saj bo le tako pacientu pomagala k boljšemu počutju.Introduction: From 10 to 15% of people of the general population encounter paranoid thoughts, among which the persecutory delusions are common. There are different types, from unclear comprehensions to complete delusions which can appear not only with people with a mental illness, but also with those without it. The patient has a feeling of being constantly persecuted, pursued, and that others want to harm him. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to present the health care of a patient with persecutory delusions through the basic life activities. With this we also want to define the role of the nurse when dealing with people with persecutory delusions, establish the health care problems and present the characteristics of individual basic life activities of the patient with persecutory delusions. Methods: While writing the thesis the descriptive method was used for reviewing the technical and scientific literature for the period from 2006 to 2016. The literature search was realized through remote access of the University of Ljubljana, through foreign databases: CINHAL with Full Text, Medline and ScienceDirect. The bibliographic base COBIB.SI has also been used, and on the basis of the acquired results the literature has been additionally reviewed at Faculty of Health Sciences’ library and at France Bevk Public Library in Nova Gorica. Discussion and conclusion: The nurse working in the psychiatry field of health care must be adequately qualified, must have adequate skills and knowledge for working with patients with a mental illness. At her work she has to perform various tasks, such as assessor, supporter, educator, and others, which points to the fact that the nurse ensures the health care in a much broader extent than just supervision of taking the medicines and giving the information. She is also responsible for the relation between her and the patient, which needs to be based upon trust, because only in this case the process of health care will go in the desired direction. She has to encourage the patient to do the activities that give him pleasure and relax him since this is how she will help the patient to reach a better state of health