Cystatin C and Cardiovascular Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
- Laan, S.W. van der
- Fall, T.
- Soumare, A.
- Teumer, A.
- Sedaghat, S.
- Baumert, J.
- Zabaneh, D.
- Setten, J. van
- Isgum, I.
- Galesloot, T.E.
- Arpegard, J.
- Amouyel, P.
- Trompet, S.
- Waldenberger, M.
- Dorr, M.
- Magnusson, P.K.
- Giedraitis, V.
- Larsson, A.
- Morris, A.P.
- Felix, J.F.
- Morrison, A.C.
- Franceschini, N.
- Bis, J.C.
- Kavousi, M.
- O'Donnell, C.
- Drenos, F.
- Tragante, V.
- Munroe, P.B.
- Malik, R.
- Dichgans, M.
- Worrall, B.B.
- Erdmann, J.
- Nelson, C.P.
- Samani, N.J.
- Schunkert, H.
- Marchini, J.
- Patel, R.S.
- Hingorani, A.D.
- Lind, L.
- Pedersen, N.L.
- Graaf, J. de
- Kiemeney, L.A.L.M.
- Baumeister, S.E.
- Franco, O.H.
- Hofman, A.
- Uitterlinden, A.G.
- Koenig, W.
- Meisinger, C.
- Peters, A.
- Thorand, B.
- Jukema, J.W.
- Eriksen, B.O.
- Toft, I.
- Wilsgaard, T.
- Onland-Moret, N.C.
- Schouw, Y.T. van der
- Debette, S.
- Kumari, M.
- Svensson, P.
- Harst, P. van der
- Kivimaki, M.
- Keating, B.J.
- Sattar, N.
- Dehghan, A.
- Reiner, A.P.
- Ingelsson, E.
- Ruijter, H.M. Den
- Bakker, P.I. de
- Pasterkamp, G.
- Arnlov, J.
- Holmes, M.V.
- Asselbergs, F.W.
DOIAbstract
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies show that high circulating cystatin C is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), independent of creatinine-based renal function measurements. It is unclear whether this relationship is causal, arises from residual confounding, and/or is a consequence of reverse causation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to use Mendelian randomization to investigate whether cystatin C is causally related to CVD in the general population. METHODS: We incorporated participant data from 16 prospective cohorts (n = 76,481) with 37,126 measures of cystatin C and added genetic data from 43 studies (n = 252,216) with 63,292 CVD events. We used the common variant rs911119 in CST3 as an instrumental variable to ...
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