Cutaneous and mucosal phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exophiala spinifera: case report and literature review

We report a case of mucocutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exophiala spinifera. Crusty plaques and nodules were major clinical features. Histological examination revealed brown yeast-like cells and hyphae. Mycological and molecular data identified E. spinifera as etiologic agent. Oral itraconazole was effective, which was in accordance with the results of in vitro susceptibility testing. We speculated that her pregnancy may play a role of risk factor in the infection by E. spinifera