Attenuation of invariant natural killer T-cell anergy induction through intradermal delivery of alpha-galactosylceramide.
- Bontkes, H.J.
- Moreno, M.
- Hangalapura, B.N.
- Lindenberg, J.J.
- Groot, J. de
- Lougheed, S.
- Vliet, H.J. van der
- Eertwegh, A.J. van den
- Gruijl, T.D. de
- Blomberg, B.M.E. von
- Scheper, R.J.
DOIAbstract
CD1d restricted, alpha-galactosylceramide (alphaGC) responsive invariant (i)NKT cells positively regulate immune responses. Both intravenous and intradermal administered alphaGC are known to activate iNKT cells. iNKT cells become unresponsive to a second intravenous alphaGC injection, whereas no data are available regarding potential anergy upon intradermal administration. Here, comparative analysis of two intradermal versus two intravenous injections in mice demonstrated that iNKT cell anergy was prevented by intradermal injection and when combined with a vaccine, superior tumor protection afforded by intradermally administered alphaGC. Moreover, human skin dendritic cells (DC) took up intradermally injected alphaGC and activated iNKT cell...
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