Complications after transrectal ultrasound guided prostate needle biopsy, depending from ciprofloxacin dosage

Aim of the study: To investigate the complications after transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate needle biopsy, depending from ciprofloxacin dosage. Purpose: Evaluate clinically significant and insignificant complication rate after TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. Evaluate risk factors for complication development after TRUS-guided biopsy. To compare the incidence of complication events between different ciprofloxacin dosage. Materials and methods: This perspective study included men with indications for TRUS-guided prostate biopsy from 2015 March to 2017 April. All men had to take 1 dose of 500 mg ciprofloxacin the night before and the second dose a few hours before biopsy. Patients were randomized into two groups. I group after TRUS-guided prostate biopsy did not use any antibiotics. II group after biopsy had to take other 8 doses of 500 ciprofloxacin 2 x daily. Patients were followed up for 1 month. Results: A total of 450 patients, 47-88 years old (mean 64,90±7,66) participated in the study. In the I group there were 162 patients, and the II group-288. 366 patients (81,3 proc.), after the procedure felt some sort of discomfort, however only 7 (1,56 percent) patients had major complications: 2 had acute epididymitis(0,44 percent), 3 had acute prostatitis (0,66 percent), 1 (0,22 percent) had urosepsis and 1 (0,22 percent) had massive rectal bleeding. 4 patients (0,89 percent) were hospitalized. We did not find any statistically significant difference between two analyzed groups. Conclusions: Infectious complications after TRUS-guided prostate needle biopsy are rare. Two-dose ciprofloxacin prophylaxis is as effective as 10-dose ciprofloxacin prophylaxis. Practical use: antimicrobial prophylaxis regimen after procedure is not necessary