The aim of this thesis was to understand links between two degradation processes of organic matter: the forage digestibility by domestic herbivores and the decomposability of litter by soil microfauna. We hypothesized that: (i) management regimes influenced species digestibility and decomposability, and (ii) in agreement with the dominance hypothesis, those of communities through changes in their functional structure; (iii) digestibility and decomposability can be estimated by the same “functional marker” both at the species and community levels. This study was conducted in rangelands from the La Fage research station located on the Larzac Causse (Aveyron). Our results showed an effect of management regimes on the digestibility and decompos...