Left ventricular systolic series elastic properties in aortic stenosis before and after valve replacement

In seven patients with aortic valve disease the time course of an auxotonic beat was compared with that of an isovolumetric beat produced by aortic cross clamping during open heart surgery. The rate of systolic stress rise (dS/dt; g·cm−2) of the isovolumetric beat at peak meridional wall stress (Sp; g·cm−2) of the auxotonic beat was determined by tipmanometry and simultaneous sonomicrometry and was found to be 87% of maximum dS/dt. In the second part of the study the stiffness index (k) was calculated in patients undergoing cardiac catheterisation according to: k = 0.87·(max·dS/dt)/Sp·Vcf, where Vcf = normalised midwall circumferential fibre shortening velocity (circ·s−1). In 22 patients, 10 controls and 12 patients with aortic stenosis before (pre) and after (post) valve replacement the systolic stiffness index k (circ−1) was determined using tipmanometry and frame by frame angiocardiography. Muscle fibre diameter and interstitial fibrosis were assessed from left ventricular endomyocardial biopsies. The systolic stiffness index k was 15 circ−1 in controls, 14 in preoperative patients with aortic stenosis and 12 (p<0.01 v controls) in postoperative patients. There was a significant correlation between k and muscle fibre diameter (r = 0.55; p