PHENOLOGY, MOVEMENT, AND WITHIN-FIELD DISTRIBUTION OF THE GRAPE BERRY MOTH, ENDOPIZA VITEANA (CLEMENS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN NEW YORK VINEYARDS

From 1976 to 1986, the average date of first male pheromone trap catch of grape berry moth was 20 May with an average degree-day (DD) accumulation (base 10 °C) of 150.1 (SE = 13.2). Fifty percent cumulative trap catch of the first generation of males averaged 334.1 (SE = 7.8) DD with an average date of 11 June. Degree-day accumulation was a more accurate method for predicting peak male trap catch than predictions based upon vine phenology and calendar date. Within-field distribution and levels of berry moth infestation were markedly affected by the surrounding habitat. Wooded edges or hedgerows were closely associated with an increase in the level of damage along vineyard borders and higher levels of overall infestation when compared with vineyards without wooded edges. Egg and larval infestation levels in wild hosts (Vitis spp.) were greater than those within adjacent commercial vineyards. Early in the season, male berry moth were trapped in high numbers in wooded areas adjacent to vineyards. After mid-July, males were trapped predominantly within vineyards and few were trapped in wooded edges. Movement of adults from wooded areas into vineyards is not suggested by observed patterns of female oviposition. Females oviposited primarily on wild hosts within the wooded areas and within the adjoining vineyard edges throughout the seaso