Europeanisation of Bosnian and Herzegovinian Company Law in the Absence of a Common Legal and Economic Environment

Bosna i Hercegovina propisima na različitim nivoima reguliše oblast prava privrednih društava na više ili manje harmoniziran način zbog specifi čnog ustavnog uređenja. Najmanji broj propisa je donesen na državnom nivou zbog nadležnosti entiteta za regulisanje ove oblasti. Materijalnopravni propisi o statusu privrednih društava su doneseni na nivou entiteta Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine, Republike Srpske i u Brčko Distriktu BiH. Procesni propisi koji uređuju postupak osnivanja društva doneseni su također na nivou entiteta, ali na državnom nivou postoji Okvirni zakon o registraciji poslovnih subjekata koji propisuje obavezu usaglašavanja procedura u entitetima njihovim procesnim propisima. Sporazum o stabilizaciji i prodruživanju Bosne i Hercegovine sa Europskom Unijom je stupio na snagu 2015. godine, te su započete određene reforme sa ciljem usaglašavanja prava Bosne i Hercegovine sa pravnom stečevinom Europske Unije. Ovo će zasigurno biti dugotrajan i težak proces uslijed nepostojanja jedinstvenog pravnog i ekonomskog prostora u Bosni i Hercegovini. Isto se ogleda prvenstveno u tome da su nadležnosti u pojedinim izuzetno važnim oblastima dodijeljene entitetima što za posljedicu ima postojanje velikog broja zakona. Propisi su nerijetko različiti i onemogućavaju privredne subjekte da pod istim uslovima osnuju društvo i posluju na teritoriji cijele Bosne i Hercegovine. Rad se bavi analizom pojedinih segmenata zakonodavstva Bosne i Hercegovine u oblasti prava društva, a posebno različitim rješenjima u entitetskim propisima i potencijalnim poteškoćama koje se mogu pojaviti u procesu usklađivanja ove oblasti sa pravnom stečevinom EU. Na osnovu analize će se dati ocjena koliko je zakonodavstvo Bosne i Hercegovine u ovom kontekstu spremno za aktivno uključivanje u procese usklađivanja nacionalnog zakonodavtva u ovoj oblasti sa acquis-em.Bosnia and Herzegovina regulate the area of business law in a more or less harmonized way at different levels of authority, because of the specifi c constitutional order. The minimum number of regulations is at the state level because of the competence of the entities for regulation in this area. Substantive provisions on the status of companies are in the jurisdiction of entities of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republika Srpska and Brčko District. Procedural regulations governing the procedure for establishing a company are also adopted at the entity level, but, there is the Framework Law on the Registration of Business Entities at the national level, which stipulates the obligation of harmonization of procedures in the entities to their procedural rules. Agreement on Stabilization and Association of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the European Union came into force in 2015, and started some reforms with the aim of harmonizing the legislation of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the EU acquis. That will certainly be a long and complicated process due to the absence of a single legal and economic space in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is reflected primarily in the fact that competence in some crucial areas is granted to entities which results in a signifi cant number of laws. Regulations are often different and prevent subjects to set up companies under the same conditions and operate in the entire territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper analyzes the segments of the legislation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the field of company law, and in particular different solutions in the entity regulations and the potential difficulties that may arise in the process of harmonization of this area with the EU acquis. Based on the analysis, the author provides an evaluation of how the legislation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is ready to participate actively in the process of harmonization of national laws in this fi eld with the acquis