Penyebab Infeksi Avian Influenza a (H5n1) Di Indonesia

Avian Influenza A (H5N1) is an acute respiratory disease caused by a virus. In Indonesia known as "Flu Burung". This virus is very dangerous that can cause death, and it is the most infectious agent. This disease had spread all over the world as well as in Indonesia. The spread of Avian Influenza A (H5N1) virus started when an out break occurred in poultry in August 2003. The first human case was occurred in July 2005 in Tangerang municipality and then followed by another 8 provinces. Until December 2008 the total cases raised up to 139 people with 113 people of them were died. The purpose of this research was to understand risk factors connected to Avian Influenza A H5N1 occurrence in Indonesia. The research was taken place in the referral hospitals and in about 100 m radius around the place of cases. The study design was case control method with 60 respondents of the cases and 120 respondents of controls and then their age were matched into group with ages <12 year and > 12 year. Measuring instruments was used questionnaires and the result was rechecked with the result of laboratory tests with Elisa test and RT- PCR. All respondents must fill questionnaires which contains questions which deal with the occurrence of Avian Influenza A H5N1. The study result showed that environment variables were not significantly different occurrence of cases, the risk factors P value was 0.057 and the Odd ratio was 2.357. While respondents on contacts with sudden death of poultry had significantly different from their risk factors to the occurrence of cases, p value was < 0.001 and Odd Ratio was 72.6. From this research, it can be assumed that contact with sudden death poultry has risk factors of occurrence of Avian influenza A H5N1 72.6 times, compared to the controls. This research result was expected to give on input to the health program policy makers for improving control measures of Avian Influenza A H5N1 disease in Indonesia. Further more, for medical workers, it can be used in taking quick anticipation to deal with the cases