Nursing students\u27 perspective on dying and death

Uvod: V času študija se študenti zdravstvene nege pogosto srečujejo s stresnimi situacijami, med katerimi sta tudi umiranje in smrt. Kljub temu da je smrt naraven, vendar neizbežen del vsakega življenja, se ljudje večkrat na to odzovejo s strahom in tesnobo. To pomeni, da lahko prvo srečanje z umirajočim in smrtjo študentom povzroči čustvene travme, stiske in dvome. Zato je zelo pomembno, da v takih primerih prejmejo primerno psihično in čustveno podporo s strani kliničnih mentorjev oz. profesorjev. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti, kako študenti zdravstvene nege doživljajo umiranje in smrt na klinični praksi, kakšen vpliv ima smrt na študente, kako se spoprijemajo z umiranjem in smrtjo, kakšne izkušnje imajo s tematiko, kdo jim pri tem pomaga ter kako je poskrbljeno za izobrazbo o umiranju in smrti med samim študijem. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila opisna metoda dela s pregledom tuje in domače strokovne in znanstvene literature. Vključili smo literature iz obdobja 1994–2016. Literaturo smo iskali s pomočjo bibliografsko-kataložne baze COBIB.SI in bibliografske baze CINAHL (Comulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) with Full Text. Rezultati: Analizirali smo 20 relevantnih člankov, ki se nanašajo na doživljanje, vpliv, soočanje z umiranjem in smrtjo med študenti zdravstvene nege, izobraževanje o umiranju in smrti na zdravstvenih fakultetah. Ugotovili smo, da je soočanje z umiranjem in smrtjo za študente stresno in lahko povzroča tesnobo in anksioznost. Prav tako je za kvalitetno obravnavo umirajočega pacienta potrebna pravilna izobrazba študentov, da se lahko soočajo z emocionalno težkimi situacijami in holistično poskrbijo za paciente. Razprava in sklep: Ključnega pomena pri izvajanju kakovostne zdravstvene oskrbe je izobrazba in je možna le, če se bodoče medicinske sestre primerno izobrazijo v času študija. Nepravilna pripravljenost študentov na čustveno zahtevne situacije lahko pripelje do tesnobe in anksioznosti. S kontinuirano podporo študentom skozi supervizijo bi lahko zmanjšali negativne učinke.Introduction: During their studies, nursing students often come across stresful situations, among which we can place dying and death. Although dying is a natural and inevitable part of life, people often respond to it with fear and anxiety. That means that the first encounter with death or dying can be emotionally extremely traumatic for students, it can cause, doubts and distress. That is why proper emotional and mental support from professors and clinical mentors is essential. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to find out how nursing students experience dying and death on clinical practice, how death affects them, how they deal with dying and death, how much experience they have, who helps them with coping and the quality of education concerning dying and death. Methods: There was used a descriptive method with an overview and analysis of technical and scientific literature between the years 1994 and 2016. Results: We analysed 20 relevant articles that dealt with views on death and dying and coping with it among nursing students and education about dying and death in faculties of health sciences. We have found out that coping with dying and death is stressful for students and can lead into anxiety. For quality treatment of a dying pacient it is necessary to educate students well, so they can cope with emotionally stressful situations and can holistically take care of a dying pacient. Discussion and conclusion: The key to quality treatment is education of nursing students and it is only possible if future nurses are suitably educated. Incorrect education of nursing students about emotionally difficult situations can lead into anxiety. With continuous support through supervision we could reduce negative effects on students