Experimental Investigations of Three-Dimensional Shock-Vortex Loop Interaction: Shock Reflection and Diffraction Phenomena

Estimation of the sonic boom and its effect are necessary to develop supersonic transport vehicles. The typical sonic boom is produced by the shock waves generated from a supersonic transport vehicle cruising at more than the speed of sound. The shock waves pass through the real atmosphere and reach ground level. The sonic boom pressure signatures are affected by atmospheric conditions such as turbulence, humidity, and temperature [1]. These atmospheric conditions cannot be controlled; however, they must be considered. Atmospheric effects have to be well understood because it is extremely important to accurately estimate the sonic boom magnitude at ground level