Fluorinated benzothiadiazole-based low band gap copolymers to enhance open-circuit voltage and efficiency of polymer solar cells

cited By 8International audienceTwo donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers containing dithienosilole (DTS) donor unit and unsubstituted benzothiadiazole (BT) or fluorinated benzothiadiazole (ffBT) acceptor unit, PDTSBT and PDTSffBT, were synthesized by Stille cross coupling polymerization and tested for application in polymer solar cells (PSCs). The new alternating copolymer (PDTSffBT) possesses both a low optical bandgap (Eg = 1.54 eV) and a deep highest occupied molecular orbital energy level (HOMO) (-5.46 eV). It was found that the introduction of the two electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms on the benzothiadiazole unit results in a decrease of the HOMO energy level with slight effect on the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) as observed through cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis. Inclusion of fluorine atoms also leads to an increase in the interchain interaction in the PDTSffBT copolymer with respect to its analogue PDTSBT copolymer according to the X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD). When PDTSffBT:PC71BM blends are tested in bulk heterojunction (BHJ)-polymer solar cells, the cells display a short-circuit current (J SC) of 8.82 mA/cm2, a high open circuit voltage (V OC) of 0.74 V, and a Fill Factor (FF) of 45%, giving an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.93%, compared to 1.64% for the BT-containing cells prepared in parallel under identical conditions. The significant performance enhancement results from the higher VOC and J SC in the ffBT-containing cells. These results unambiguously indicate that the fluorination is an efficient method to modulate the energetic levels and improve the photovoltaic performances of the widely used benzothiadiazole-based low bandgap copolymers. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved